Surabaya is the capital of East Java province and the second biggest metropolitan city in Indonesia with the inhabitant approximately 3 million Peoples. Surabaya officially established in 1293. Surabaya well known as Heroic City , the date was taken from the glory of Raden Wijaya, the first king of Majapahit who against China troops. Surabaya is a metropolitan city in which have religious nuances, the community had the feeling of the high solidarity and the spirit of heroism that never knew surrendered.
The history evidences showed that Surabaya has already existed before the colonialisms periods, as mentioned in Trowulan I epigraphy , it was 1358 M. in that epigraphy has revealed that Surabaya ( Churabhaya) was a village in border of Brantas river as one of important crossing place along Brantas river.
Surabaya ( Churabhaya) was also mentioned in Negara Kertagama Pujasastra written by Prapanca which told about the big journey of Baginda Hayam Wuruk in 1365 , in Pupuh XVII (couplet-5, last line).
Although the ancient written evidences mentioned that Surabaya's name numbered 1358 M (Trowulan epigraphy) & 1365 M (Negara Kertagama), experts suggested that Surabaya has already existed before that years.
Based on Von Faber's Hypothesis, Surabaya has been established in 1275 M by Kertanegara king to be a new staying place for his soldiers which successful in fighting the Kemuruhan rebellion in 1270 M. Other hypothesis said that Surabaya's name was Ujung Galuh.
Another version of that hypothesis said that the name of Surabaya came from a story about the life and death struggling of Adipati Jayengrono and Sawunggaling. However, after beaten Tartar army, Raden Wijaya built a palace in Ujung Galuh and placed Adipati Jayengrono to lead that region. As he has had controlled the Crocodile power ( Ilmu Buaya ), he became stronger and independence, so it threatened Majapahit sovereignty. To subject Jayengrono , Sawunggaling has been sent to have learnt Sura Power ( Ilmu Sura) . The supernaturally competition has been done in seven days and seven night and lasted tragically, because both of them got powerless.
The word of ”Surabaya” was also has defined philosophically as Struggling symbolic between water and land. Beside that, from Surabaya words was also revealed about the myth of Suro (Sura) fish and Boyo (Baya or Buaya) ‘s war, which made many suggestion that Surabaya's name appeared after that war.
In order to solve the society suggestion, Walikotamadya Kepala Daerah Tingkat II Surabaya, Mr. Soeparno made Decision Certificate No. 64/WK/75 about the Anniversary of Surabaya. That Decision Certificate decided that May 31, 1293 as the Anniversary of Surabaya. That date has taken based on the agreement of many historians which have formed by the Surabaya governor that Surabaya's words came from words “ sura ing baya” that means “The courage to face the dangerous” taken from the part which Mongol troops have been beaten by the Jawa troops led bu Raden Wijaya in May 31,1293.
The story of Surabaya's symbol have many versions. One of the famous story was told by the leader of Nutspaarbank in Surabaya, LCR. Breeman in 1918, about the fighting of Sura fish and crocodile ( buaya)
Surabaya is a mainly trading gate in East of Indonesia. Enriches with all its potential, facilities, and geography advantages, Surabaya has a great economy potential. Primary, secondary and tertiary in this city are very supportive to make the name of Surabaya as Trading and Economy city stronger.
Altogether with private sector nowadays, Surabaya has been prepared to be an International Trading city. Build a building and modern economic facilities are one of Surabaya's plan as a part of world Economic action transparanly and competitive.
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